Vanadium battery (VRB) is a new type of clean energy storage device. It has been verified by applications in the United States, Japan, Australia and other countries. Compared with lead-acid batteries and nickel-hydrogen batteries in the market, it has high power, long life and frequent support. Significant technical advantages such as high current charging and discharging, green pollution-free.
First, the working principle of vanadium battery
Vanadium battery (VRB) is a new type of clean energy storage device. It has been verified by applications in the United States, Japan, Australia and other countries. Compared with lead-acid batteries and nickel-hydrogen batteries in the market, it has high power, long life and frequent support. The obvious technical advantages of large current charging and discharging, green pollution-free, etc., are mainly applied to renewable energy grid-connected power generation, urban power grid energy storage, remote power supply, UPS system, island application and other fields.
According to public information, after one-time charging of vanadium battery, the battery life can reach 1000 kilometers, the charging time is only 3 minutes to 5 minutes, and the cost is 40% of the current 24V lithium battery. It is praised for its battery life, charging time and cost. For "perfect battery."
Compared with other energy storage systems, the advantages of the all-vanadium redox flow battery are:
1. The reactor is separated from the storage tank for storing the electrolyte, which fundamentally overcomes the self-discharge phenomenon of the conventional battery. The power depends only on the size of the stack. The capacity depends only on the electrolyte reserves and concentration. The design is very flexible. When the power is constant, to increase the energy storage capacity, it is only necessary to increase the volume of the electrolyte tank or increase the volume or concentration of the electrolyte. Yes, without changing the size of the stack; the purpose of "instant charging" can be achieved by replacing or adding a charged electrolyte. It can be used to build kilowatt-class to 100-megawatt energy storage power stations with strong adaptability.
2, charge and discharge performance is good, can carry out high-power charging and discharging, can also allow floating charge and deep discharge. For lead-acid batteries, the larger the discharge current, the shorter the battery life; the deeper the discharge depth, the shorter the battery life. The vanadium battery discharge depth will not affect the battery even if it reaches 100%. Moreover, vanadium batteries are less prone to short circuits, which avoids safety problems such as explosions caused by short circuits.
Schematic diagram of the basic working principle of vanadium battery
3, the number of chargeable and dischargeable is very large, the theoretical life is countless times. The charge-discharge time ratio is 1:1, while the lead-acid battery is 4:1. Moreover, the vanadium battery charge and discharge switching response speed is fast, less than 20 milliseconds, which is very beneficial for balanced power supply.
4, high energy efficiency, DC to DC energy efficiency can reach more than 80%, while lead-acid batteries only about 60%. The state of each unit battery in the vanadium battery pack is basically the same, and the maintenance is simple and convenient.
5. The freedom of site selection is large, the land occupation is small, and the system can be fully closed and operated without acid mist and acid corrosion. The electrolyte can be reused, no discharge, simple maintenance, and low operating cost. It is a green energy storage technology. Therefore, for renewable energy generation, vanadium batteries are an ideal replacement for lead-acid batteries.
Second, can vanadium batteries lead the new energy revolution
Vanadium RedoxFlow Battery (VRB) is the world's largest, most technologically advanced and industrially efficient high-efficiency reversible fuel cell. It has a series of unique features such as high power, large capacity, high efficiency, low cost, long life and environmental protection. Advantages, in wind power, photovoltaic power generation, power grid peaking, distributed power stations, military power storage, transportation municipalities, communication base stations, UPS power supply and other broad areas have excellent application prospects, in Japan, Canada, the United States, Australia, Western Europe and other countries And the region has begun to replace lead-acid batteries with small capacity, short life and high pollution.
wind power
At present, wind turbines need to be equipped with lead-acid batteries with a power of about 1% of their power for fan protection in emergency situations, and each fan needs to be equipped with a backup battery with a power equivalent to about 4% of its power. As the power grid has become the bottleneck of wind power development, with the explosive development of wind power, the contradiction between wind power and power grid will become more and more prominent. In order to reduce the impact on the power grid, the utilization rate of wind farm power will be greatly increased while earning huge grid. Peak and valley differences, wind farms will need to be equipped with dynamic energy storage batteries with a power equivalent to 10 to 50% of their power. For off-grid power generation, a larger proportion of dynamic energy storage batteries are required.
Because the lead-acid batteries currently used by fans have serious defects such as small capacity, short life, poor stability, time-consuming maintenance, and high pollution, fan manufacturers have been looking for better products that can replace lead-acid batteries. I believe that there are many outstanding advantages. The vanadium battery can completely replace the existing lead-acid battery, and then construct a dynamic energy storage system for the wind farm, greatly improve the efficiency and efficiency of the wind farm, and promote the wind power industry to develop better and faster.
PV
According to statistics from authoritative organizations, the average annual growth rate of global PV modules has reached 30% in recent years, and the photovoltaic industry has become one of the fastest growing emerging industries in the world. Especially in 2008, the total installed capacity of photovoltaic power generation in the world reached 3 GW.
As the name suggests, photovoltaic power requires sunlight. Once it is night and rainy, it can't be powered. Therefore, it needs batteries to store electricity. Because lead-acid batteries have very limited power, capacity and longevity, we believe that vanadium batteries with many outstanding advantages are all in one. It will be the first choice for photovoltaic power storage batteries.
Power grid peaking
The main means of peak shaving in power grids has always been pumped storage power stations. In the past two or three decades, pumped storage power stations in developed countries have developed faster and faster. The world's pumped storage power station has the fastest development and the largest installed capacity is Japan, followed by the United States, Italy, Germany, France, Spain, etc. The installed capacity of pumped storage power stations in Japan and the United States has exceeded 20 million kilowatts.
Because the pumped storage power station needs to build two upper and lower reservoirs, which are restricted by geographical conditions, it is not easy to construct in the plain area, and the area is large and the maintenance cost is high. The vanadium battery energy storage power station is not subject to geographical conditions, free to choose a site, occupying less land and low maintenance costs. It can be expected that with the development of vanadium battery technology, vanadium battery energy storage power stations will gradually replace pumped storage power stations, playing an important role in power grid peaking.
Traffic municipal
As the world's urbanization process continues to accelerate and car ownership continues to increase, car exhaust pollution has become the number one source of urban air pollution. It has become the consensus of people to vigorously develop energy-saving and environmentally-friendly electric vehicles to replace traditional fuel vehicles. With the rapid development of vanadium battery technology, it can be expected that vanadium batteries with many outstanding advantages will be played in a wide range of fields such as electric vehicles (especially urban buses), electric motors, electric bicycles, electric ships, traffic signals, and scenery complementary street lamps. Important role.
Communication base station
The communication base station and the communication room require a battery as a backup power source, and the time is usually not less than 10 hours. For communication operators, safety, stability, reliability and service life are the most important. In this field, vanadium batteries have an innate advantage that lead-acid batteries cannot match.
UPS power supply
CCID Consulting's research shows that the UPS market has continued to grow in 2007, mainly due to the decentralization of UPS user demand caused by the sustained and rapid development of China's economy, which has caused more industries and more enterprises to continue to UPS. Demand. In the next few years, UPS products will be developed in the direction of higher availability, security, and integration, intelligence, and humanization of functions.
At present, China's UPS market strongly demands high-power, safe, stable and reliable batteries. In this field, vanadium batteries have absolute advantages over lead-acid batteries in terms of power, safety and stability, and service life.
Distributed power station
Today's society has higher and higher requirements for the quality, efficiency, environmental protection and safety and reliability of energy and power supply. The large power grid cannot meet this requirement due to its own defects. With the rise of distributed power stations, large central power stations will gradually decline. It is believed that vanadium batteries will play an important role in hospitals, command and control centers, data processing and communication centers, commercial buildings, entertainment centers, government key departments, pharmaceutical and chemical materials industries, and distributed power plants in precision manufacturing industries.
Military storage
Vanadium batteries can also play an important role in military power storage in military departments such as military bases and command centers.
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