Now, the entire automotive industry is pushing the application of Ethernet in in-vehicle LAN.
The most convincing evidence is that many automakers have begun to consider car Ethernet and expand its range of applications. Among them, a very positive plan was developed for BMW, which is active in adopting automotive Ethernet. The company's new S5 "X5", which was launched in the fall of 2013, is the first in the world to adopt automotive Ethernet. The X5 uses in-vehicle Ethernet on the camera module that connects the monitoring environment and the image transmission line of the ECU. Kirsten Matheus, who is responsible for car Ethernet development and import at BMW, said with confidence: "In 2015, Ethernet will be used on the system bus. Starting in 2016, Ethernet will be used on all in-vehicle networks."
As the automotive industry is increasingly enthusiastic about adopting automotive Ethernet, semiconductor manufacturers are also beginning to develop communication ICs for automotive Ethernet. For example, Marvell and Micrel demonstrated the use of in-vehicle Ethernet in a surround view system using four cameras. Broadcom demonstrated the transmission of video, music and camera images via car Ethernet.
Other car manufacturers have also begun to adopt car Ethernet. BMW's Matheus said, "I heard that three companies (other than BMW) will use car Ethernet in their cars recently," she said. "The parts of car manufacturers that use car Ethernet are not the same." For the camera, some are used for image transmission of car AV equipment.
Among Japanese car companies, Toyota is considering adopting car Ethernet. In the speech at the seminar, the head of the LAN group of the basic software development room of the company's control system basic development department said that "(personal) goal is to equip car Ethernet with 2020 or so (on the market) "It will enter the period of full adoption of in-vehicle Ethernet by most automakers around 2020."
The Japanese automotive industry group "JASPAR" has also established the "New Generation High Speed ​​LAN WG" working group and is discussing the technical requirements related to automotive Ethernet. The working group will issue an official document of the technical requirements in the spring of 2015 and distribute it to JASPAR member companies.
1Gbit/sec is already in the "range"
The problem that has been faced before - the transmission speed of 1Gbit/sec by car Ethernet has been technically eye-catching.
At present, the data transmission speed of the car Ethernet is 100 Mbit/s, which can be used to connect the camera module. However, as the data capacity of information applications continues to increase, in order to be used in the backbone network of the in-vehicle LAN, the data transmission speed must reach 100 Mbit/sec or more.
In the general communication Ethernet, the transmission speed of "1000BASE-T" has reached 1 Gbit/sec. However, 1000BASE-T has 4 pairs of signal lines. When used directly for vehicle use, there are too many signal lines. This not only increases the cost of the cable, but also leads to an increase in weight and space. Therefore, in-vehicle use urgently requires a transmission speed of 1 Gbit/sec using less than 4 pairs of signal lines. Semiconductor manufacturers are looking for ways to achieve this.
IEEE-based standardization
In order to realize the in-vehicle Ethernet with a transmission speed of 1 Gbit/s, the industry is developing technology and is also promoting the standardization work based on IEEE802.3bp (Table 1). Formerly called "RTPGE", now renamed "1000BASE-T1", the goal is to achieve 1Gbit/sec transmission speed with 1 pair of signal lines. It is planned to introduce standards around 2015. Broadcom, which is involved in standardization work, said: "Using 1000BASE-T and 10GBASET (using 10 pairs of signal lines to achieve 10Gbit/s) can be achieved."
In addition to utilizing the original electrical signals, there are also developers who consider using optical signals to implement 1 Gbit/s of in-vehicle Ethernet. That is, the light source uses LEDs and the transmission channel uses plastic optical fibers (POF). In this regard, the IEEE 802.3bv (tentative name) research group was established in March 2014 and is working on standardization with the goal of introducing standards in 2016.
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