In 2010, Toyota Prius will provide LED headlights as an option for the 2010 model, which is the first time LED headlamps have been installed on relatively low-cost models. This also represents Toyota's positive response to the LED headlamp market, and of course the powerful signal from the development of the LED headlamps. Toyota Prius is not the first to use LED light source headlamps, but currently has the lowest cost of assembling LED headlamps. From the perspective of luminaire design, since white LEDs cannot emit red-wavelength beams, infrared feedback cannot be performed. For active safety reasons, this LED headlamp is the same as the LED headlamps equipped with the company's LEXUS model. The high beam part does not use the LED light source but the halogen light source; but the two still have the same function, that is, all use the projection light group to achieve the cut-off line of the low beam to meet the regulatory requirements. As a new thing, LED headlamps have been mixed in the market, but the application of LEDs to automotive headlamps has been valued by more and more car manufacturers and lamp manufacturers.
High oil prices and the choice of low carbon era
LEDs are already widely used in automotive applications, such as automotive interior lighting, system status indicators, daytime running lights, fog lights, and rear-mounted combination lights equipped with LEDs, which are currently the most common. It is also a brake light and a turn signal. At present, the price of cars equipped with LED lighting fixtures is also showing a trend of lower and lower. For example, the rear combination lamps of BYD, Chery, and the joint venture brand SAIC-GM Hyatt are increasingly using LED light sources. . And LED has completely entered the low-end models in the market in the car signal lights.
Why LED light sources are so popular in the market in just a few years, the main reason is that they have the advantages of energy saving and long life compared to other light sources. In today's social environment of environmental protection and energy conservation and emission reduction, the development prospects of LED are broad and unquestionable. LED light sources are always closely linked to environmentally friendly low consumption. In 2011, Europe will fully enforce the use of daytime running lights (DRL), while LED technology is mainly aimed at reducing CO2 emissions and fuel consumption.
In view of the lamps used in the daytime (low beam, rear light, position light), for example, the official statistics of AL Company, which produces all-LED headlamps of AUDIR8, can also show the energy saving and environmental advantages of using LEDs.
Irresistible temptation
Not only that, but the appearance of the running lights is also very important.
At present, the far and near light of the automobile headlight mainly uses a single light source system such as a halogen and a xenon light source, which greatly limits the shape of the automobile lamp. However, with the development of high-power LED technology, LEDs have become possible as light sources for far and near light.
At the same time, LEDs can be combined with multiple light sources, which will completely change the shape and arrangement of the car headlights. The concept car model that was not possible with halogen or xenon light sources in the past can be perfectly realized using LED light sources. For example, LED light sources can be arranged using multiple light sources, and multiple mirrors or lenses are used for optical design to make the lamps more compact. Designers can use 2 LEDs to form a low beam, or use more modules to combine the low beam, and these modules can fully comply with the requirements of the stylist.
LED light sources are easy to modularize, which will also provide more styling options for different optical units such as high beam, low beam, and running lights. In halogen and xenon lamps, the most successful modularity should be the use of a projection light group. Since the BMW first-time use of the low-beam projection lighting group, it has become almost a standard component of the low beam of the lamp. There are dozens of low-beam projection lighting groups on the market. This standardized module brings to the lighting designer. Great convenience.
The LED light source will be able to perform the modular function as much as possible, and various types of projection light groups and mirrors can be developed to meet the needs of optical design in different situations.
From a styling point of view, the future car headlights will have a new look. In terms of design, since the life of the LED exceeds the life of the car itself, the need for maintenance is reduced, and the functionality and viewing of the car can be perfected, and the car stylist has a broader imagination and creative space.
Elimination of headlamp water mist can be considered to introduce convection device
LED is different from ordinary halogen and xenon light sources. LED is a cold light source. This feature can revolutionize the material of the lamp. Since the heat generated by the LED light source is very low, the temperature change in the lamp cavity is small, so the front view The commonly used heat-resistant materials such as HTPC, PBT, PEI, PAR and other expensive materials can be replaced by ABS+PC, and some metal materials can also be replaced by resin materials. Not only the material cost is reduced, but also the environmentally-friendly processes such as rust and corrosion that are commonly used for metal materials are avoided. Based on this feature, designers are more willing to treat LED light sources as a common electronic component, just like a chip in a laptop. The heat generated by it is only related to its power, and the reasonable design of the heat dissipation system can well control the temperature in the lamp cavity.
The LED cold light source actually faces the problem of eliminating the headlight water mist. Since the temperature inside the LED lamp cavity is relatively low (far lower than that of the halogen lamp), once the headlamp forms a water mist in a harsh environment, it is extremely difficult to eliminate. Designers can therefore consider introducing a convection device that uses the heat from the LED cooling system to eliminate water mist. A dedicated diversion pump can be considered to introduce heat into the headlamp mask. Stanley Electric recently developed a prototype for the cooling mechanism using a dedicated heat sink. The company also hopes to "share part of the radiator and cooling water" with the cooling mechanism of the vehicle inverter in the future. The AUDIR8 also uses a fan cooling and diversion pump construction. Due to the increase in cost due to radiators and pump specials, the current practicality still faces cost problems, and the lighting company will try to solve this problem.
As described in the 2008-2009 China and Global Automotive LED Lighting Industry Research Report, the cost of LED headlamps is currently 30% to 100% higher than that of HID headlamps, which is unacceptable for mainstream models. The standard regulations and test methods for the corresponding LED headlamps have not yet been officially released, which will affect the progress of LED application to a certain extent. However, LED headlamps have a long life. In the future, the lamp design may not have the problem of replacing the light source. There is no need to replace the light source in the lamp, so designers and users no longer need to consider the maintenance cost of the lamp.
But so far, only a small number of high-end cars have chosen to use LED headlamps. So, why does Toyota apply a relatively high-cost LED headlamp to its relatively low-cost Toyota Prius? According to Toyota, “the existing third-generation Prius headlight LED technology is used to Less energy consumption, more light. Provides instant LED illumination and retains 90% of its 15-year lifetime." Currently, LED headlamp prototypes have a luminous flux of about 1000 lumens. Level, equivalent to a xenon headlight level. Although LED headlamps are facing cost pressures, with the continuous development of LED technology and increasing vehicle production capacity, the cost will drop sharply in the near future, so we need more attention to LED headlamps. Thermal management and the development of new production processes and optical components.
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