Light-emitting diodes ( LEDs ) sit firmly on the mainstream of the next generation of light sources. There is no doubt that LEDs can replace the original lighting sources in lighting, and have the opportunity to develop a wide range of innovative applications, but also in the module, power supply design, installation sites. New challenges that must be overcome with heat dissipation, longevity, etc. Faced with the infinite dawn of LED lighting applications, this article will share the findings in numerous test cases, reminding operators to invest more attention in these security challenges before they have the opportunity to gain a competitive position.
High-power LED lamps have many heat-dissipating challenges
With the improvement of LED packaging technology, LED manufacturers are eager to break through the brightness barrier, replacing high-intensity high-intensity discharge light sources (HID) or incandescent lamps.
Although LED has the advantages of cold light and relatively high efficiency, compared with the light-heat conduction path of the conventional light source, the heat of the incandescent lamp is generated in the light transmission path; the heat of the LED light source is concentrated on the opposite side of the light transmission path, in the energy Under the law of conservation, the heat dissipation design of LEDs has gradually become a problem that cannot be ignored.
For example, as a light source for stage projection purposes, whether it is an electric lamp or an incandescent lamp, it must be at least 200 watts or more. In other words, the LED light source can obtain the same brightness as a conventional light source, although only about 60% of the power consumption is required. However, in the process, 80% of the energy is converted into the heat source inside the lamp, and the long-term accumulation of heat will cause the following important problems:
LED light efficiency is reduced
The light of the LED comes from the semiconductor, and the electron hole combines the light energy generated by the process. Therefore, when the ambient temperature rises, the structure of the electron and the hole is easily hindered or destroyed by the vibration of the raft itself. Therefore, the intensity of the LED light is lowered.
Insulation damage
When the LED luminaire causes an increase in ambient temperature due to poor heat dissipation design, the insulating polymer material, which is the last line of safety protection, is also challenged by thermal degradation.
Generally, thermoplastic polymer materials are not in the case of complete polymerization. The high temperature and moisture environment promotes the reverse reaction (ie, cracking) of the polymerization reaction. In addition to deformation, characteristics are also changed. Oxidation problems occur and the insulation properties are also destroyed.
In the above example, 100 watts of heat can be heated to nearly 100 degrees in one hour without heat dissipation, so the challenge of high-power LED lamps is not only to remove heat from the LED source. It must also be removed from the luminaire (Fig. 1). Otherwise, after long-term use, not only the lighting efficiency will decrease, but the luminaire itself is also safe.
Figure 1 LED bulb needs to have thermal design
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