A few days ago, the "Shanghai Landscape Lighting Master Plan" (hereinafter referred to as "Planning") was announced and implemented. This is also the first time that Shanghai has compiled a special plan for landscape lighting in the whole city. The “Planning†defines the core areas, important areas, development areas, general areas and prohibited areas of the city's landscape lighting development, and proposes prohibitive, control and restrictive requirements. The "Shanghai Landscape Lighting Master Plan" is intended to coordinate the city's night scene layout, and to coordinate the brightness, color temperature, dynamic lighting, color light application, and light pollution control of different areas and different types of buildings.
The Plan mentions that it is forbidden to use landscape lighting facilities that seriously affect plant growth; it is forbidden to set up landscape lighting facilities that affect the protection of natural and historical cultural heritage such as gardens and ancient buildings; it is forbidden to set landscapes in areas where national parks, nature reserves and observatories are located. Lighting facilities, etc.
Shanghai will control the total amount of landscape lighting
It is reported that the overall layout of urban landscape lighting in Shanghai is “one city with multiple stars and three belts with multiple pointsâ€. “One City†refers to the central city within the outer ring line and is the main concentrated area of ​​Shanghai landscape lighting. “Multi-star†refers to modern new towns and new towns outside the outer ring road.
The landscape lighting layout in the central city of Shanghai is “three belts and more pointsâ€. The “three belts†refer to the banks of the Huangpu River (from Wusongkou to Xupu Bridge) and Yan’an elevated roads along the Century Avenue (from the outer ring road to Pudong Century). Park), the banks of the Suzhou River (from the outer ring to the Bund); “multi-point†refers to the urban sub-centers, major commercial streets (circles, districts), important traffic culture and sports facilities, major roads, public spaces, etc. node.
"We don't want to see the light pollution problems that have caused damage to the entire regional environment, nighttime environment, and civic life. The bright light will not shine if it should not be bright." Ding Qinhua, Director of the Landscape Department of Shanghai Municipal Greening and City Management Bureau Said.
To this end, for the new landscape lighting settings, the "plan" also proposed prohibitive, control and restrictive requirements from the aspects of ecological energy conservation and light pollution control.
For example, in the Lushan Observatory area, the theme of observing the night environment and the dark environment should be the place to study the starry sky and the universe, and the landscape lighting should not be allowed to affect it. In addition, there are some ecologically sensitive areas, such as Dongtan Wetland, urban parks, etc., which cannot be illuminated for a long time. “We don’t object to short-term lighting activities, but long-term lighting will affect the rest of small animals, birds and other groups. All proposed corresponding prohibitions."
In addition to "bright", "Planning" also sets the corresponding control standards for the brightness of different areas.
Color temperature control planning. The charts in this article are all from the "Shanghai Landscape Lighting Master Plan"
For example, in the color temperature control, the Bund, Suzhou Creek, Yuyuan, Xintiandi, and South Bund areas should be dominated by medium and low color temperatures (1900K-3300K); People’s Square, Expo area, and international tourist resorts should have intermediate color temperatures. Mainly (3300K-5300K); Xiaolujiazui, Yan'an Elevated Road-Century Avenue, Pudong Airport, Shanghai Railway Station and other areas should be dominated by medium-high color temperature (above 5300K).
　　 Color lighting control plan
In addition, the "Planning" also sets the strict control area, control area and prohibited area of ​​the color light, as well as the strict control area, control area and prohibited area of ​​the dynamic light. Among them, color, light and dynamic light are prohibited in residential, school, hospital and other areas.
The prohibition requirements also include the prohibition of setting up landscape lighting facilities that are prone to glare interference from motor vehicles, non-motorized drivers and pedestrians; it is forbidden to set up landscape lighting facilities such as floodlights, lasers, etc. that directly direct to residential, school, and hospital directions. Except for approved temporary major festivals; it is forbidden to use landscape lighting facilities that seriously affect plant growth; it is forbidden to set up landscape lighting facilities in areas where national parks, nature reserves, and observatories are located. The "Planning" has regulations on whether different types of buildings such as educational buildings and office buildings can use color and color temperature.
On the basis of a large number of investigations and studies, the “Planning†also clearly proposes the future development of urban nightscapes with “Chinese characteristics and world leadingâ€, and proposes “control total, optimized stock, moderate development according to the actual situation of Shanghai landscape lightingâ€. "The development concept."
In the future, Shanghai's landscape lighting will build a city night scene with high technology content and originality through technological innovation, design creativity and intelligent control, and adhere to the principle of energy conservation and environmental protection, and adopt appropriate illumination and color temperature to achieve zero growth in landscape lighting energy consumption in the central city; Promote the application of energy-efficient light source lamps and intelligent control systems to avoid light pollution.
The relevant person in charge said that in 2020, the city will basically complete the renovation of landscape lighting on the banks of the Huangpu River, the banks of the Suzhou River, the original World Expo area, the People's Square area, the Yan'an Elevated Road-Century Avenue, and the Shanghai International Tourism Resort. In 2030, the landscape lighting framework determined by the plan was basically established; in 2040, the goals in the plan were fully realized.
How will Shanghai optimize the stock landscape lighting?
“This is what we want to do the most, and it is the hardest to do.†Ding Qinhua said that there are many landscape lights in Shanghai, but they are set by different designers, builders and managers. Some of them are single and look good, but in The whole area is very abrupt, and some of them are different from the regional style.
"We hope to improve the quality of the landscape landscape through the transformation of the stock landscape." He said, for example, some large-scale landscape lights on both sides of the Huangpu River will be wasted if they are removed. If this continues, it will affect Shanghai's night scene. Overall quality. Therefore, it is hoped that the stock transformation will be carried out, and through the design of the designer, a suitable pattern for different time periods will be designed, which matches the area, time period, flow of people and the like.
For example, in the Bund area, some discordant blue-violet light is not harmonious in color compared with the warm yellow tone of the whole city. It is hoped that they can be harmoniously adjusted by appropriate adjustment of the light source. “Using a phrase that we often say in the industry is to make the Bund, Lujiazui, and the North Bund area a three beautiful landscape with harmonious and unique personality.â€
According to Ding Qinhua, since the late 1980s, Shanghai has begun to build large-scale landscape lighting. After nearly 30 years of development, Shanghai landscape lighting has great influence in both the country and the world, both in scale and quality. The night scene has become a city card for Shanghai.
Fudan University's performance evaluation of Shanghai landscape lighting construction shows that Shanghai Nightscape Lighting has made important contributions not only to enhance the city's image and improve the city's comprehensive competitiveness, but also to promote Shanghai's economic development and enrichment. The cultural life of the citizens has led the development of the national landscape lighting industry.
However, the assessment conclusion also shows that the lack of planning and leading the development of landscape lighting in Shanghai has led to blind construction in some areas, limited landscape lighting, and uneven regional landscape. Individual night lighting alone destroys the overall coordination of the area, and even some areas have light pollution. And so on.
“The history of the city has not yet compiled a special plan for landscape lighting covering the whole city.†Ding Qinhua said that in order to guide and guide the healthy development of landscape lighting in Shanghai, and better serve the economic and social development of the city, Shanghai Greening And the City Authority to organize the preparation of landscape lighting planning. In August 2013, Shanghai Fudan Planning Architectural Design and Research Institute Co., Ltd. undertook the task of preparing Shanghai Landscape Lighting Planning through public bidding.
Based on Shanghai's master plan and Shanghai's unique humanities and regional characteristics, the “Planning†will coordinate the night landscape layout, brightness, color temperature, dynamic lighting, color light application, light pollution control and other aspects of landscape lighting quality. Systematic co-ordination, the establishment of the Shanghai landscape lighting planning system, not only fills the gap in Shanghai without landscape lighting planning, and many aspects of the planning content is the first in the country, laying the foundation for the future healthy development of Shanghai landscape lighting.
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