International Standards Organization 3GPP plans to freeze and release the NB-IoT, a narrowband Internet of Things technology standard based on cellular networks, in June this year. After the announcement of the standard, Huawei Hisilicon, as the leader, will launch the NB-IoT commercial chip at the end of September this year. This will be the first commercially available NB-IoT chip in the industry, and its chip price will be short-distance communication chip. The price is close. The realization of the Internet of Everything has added a big weapon, and the popularity of the Internet of Things has accelerated.
NB-IoT can be said to be an innovative technology. It supports massive connectivity, deep coverage, and low power consumption. These inherent advantages make it ideal for IoT applications such as sensing, metering, and monitoring. It is suitable for smart meter reading, intelligent parking, vehicle tracking, and logistics. Monitoring, intelligent agriculture, forestry, animal husbandry and fishery, as well as smart wear, smart families, smart communities and so on. The demand for wide coverage, low power consumption, and low cost in these areas is very clear, and the widely used 2G/3G/4G and other wireless technologies cannot meet these challenges.
Many people compare it to Wi-Fi, Bluetooth, Zigbee and other wireless technologies, but Wi-Fi, Bluetooth, Zigbee for short-distance interconnection applications, and NB-IoT is a long-distance wide-area communication technology, not between the two At the level, there is no comparability. The world of the Internet of Things cannot be a standard. The coexistence of short-distance and long-distance communication technologies is the most reasonable and most problem-solving method, and NB-IoT is the leader in long-distance IoT technology.
NB-IoT has 50~100 times higher uplink capacity than 2G/3G/4G, which means that NB-IoT can provide 50~100 times more access than existing wireless technology in the same base station. . For a simple example, a cell network is covered by a base station. The original wireless network can only support 5 terminals in each home. It is possible that 4 mobile phones and 1 tablet will be occupied. Smart appliances and many sensor devices are difficult to access when they need to be networked. The NB-IoT provides at least 50 times access, that is, 250 terminal access, which is enough to meet the needs of a large number of devices in the smart home in the future.
Advantage 2: Deep coverageNB-IoT boosts 20dB gain over LTE, which is equivalent to a 100x increase in transmit power, which means 100 times more coverage, even in places where underground garages, basements, underground pipes and other signals are difficult to reach. Taking advantage of this advantage, Vodafone's NB-IoT Experimental Office is carrying out an underground garage instruction project. The network construction of the navigation and positioning system in the traditional underground garage requires the support of local wireless technologies such as WiFi and Bluetooth. This navigation indication network is also limited to the use of the parking lot. If you use a deep-coverage NB-IoT network, you only need to plug in the positioning module, and you can build parking instructions and navigation across the area.
Advantage three: ultra low power consumptionLow-power features are an important indicator for IoT applications, especially for devices and occasions where batteries cannot be replaced frequently, such as sensors that are placed in remote areas of the Alpine Wilderness. The battery life of several years is the most essential requirement. In the absence of breakthroughs in battery technology, battery power can only be extended by reducing device power consumption.
The energy consumed by a communication device is often related to the amount or rate of data, that is, the size of the data packet sent per unit time determines the amount of power consumption. The amount of data is small, and the modem and amplifier of the device can be adjusted to a very small level. NB-IoT focuses on small data volume and small rate applications, so the power consumption of NB-IoT devices can be very small. In addition, in order to further reduce power consumption and extend battery life, NB-IoT introduces ultra-long DRX (discontinuous reception) power-saving technology and PSM power-saving mode. NB-IoT allows devices to be online from time to time, but saves power by reducing unnecessary signaling and not accepting paging information in the PSM state. This can guarantee the battery life of more than 5 years.
Advantage four: low costLow speed, low power and low bandwidth bring low cost advantages. Low rate does not require large cache, so it can be small cache, low DSP configuration; low power consumption means low RF design requirements, small PA can be realized; because of low bandwidth, do not need complex equalization algorithm... These factors make NB -IoT chips can be made very small. The cost of the chip is often related to the chip size. The smaller the size, the lower the cost, and the lower the cost of the module.
It is reported that the NB-IoT chip introduced by Hess integrates BB and AP, Flash and battery management in the size of the coin, and reserves sensor integration. The AP contains three ARM-M0 cores, each of which is responsible for application, security, and communication functions, which reduces cost and power consumption while facilitating function management. The subsequent chips will also integrate with Soft SIM to further reduce cost.
Advantage 5: stable and reliableNB-IoT can be directly deployed on GSM network, UMTS network or LTE network, and can be reused with existing network base stations to reduce deployment cost and achieve smooth upgrade. However, using a separate 180KHz band does not occupy the voice and data bandwidth of the existing network. To ensure that traditional business and future IoT business can be carried out stably and reliably at the same time. Taking the smart meter reading application as an example, compared with the use of wired PLC meter reading data recovery success rate of about 60%, NB-IoT can ensure the data recovery rate is 99%, and the reliability is greatly improved.
Huawei NB-IOT chip solutionFor the system architecture of the Internet of Things, Huawei proposed the "1+2+1" Internet of Things solution. An open source IoT operating system, Huawei LiteOS, which is an operating system for IoT intelligent terminals. It has low hardware requirements, low power consumption (energy saving), security and flexible application. Two connection methods , including wired and wireless connections, such as agile IoT network (IoT gateway, controller), smart home gateway and eLTE/NB-IOT/5G; a unified open connection management platform, including data management, device management And operations management.
There is a need for the Internet of Things: a large number of connections, but a small amount of data, low power requirements (battery life is extended to 10 years), high sensitivity requirements (20dB higher than the LTE standard), such as smart meter reading, smart parking, intelligent Environmental monitoring, intelligent street lights, bracelets, logistics monitoring and more. Currently, 4G networks cannot be supported, so Huawei proposes an NB-IOT solution to meet such needs. At the Global Mobile Broadband Forum, Huawei released the NB-IOT end-to-end solution for the first time, leading the development of the global narrowband wireless IoT network. At the same time, 14 leading industry leaders and institutions have established NB-IOT alliance to jointly promote the development of the industrial chain.
In response to the Internet of Things, NB-IOT optimizes several aspects of the existing network:
Super coverageNB-IOT is specifically designed for the Internet of Things, especially LPWA connections. With TTI Bundling and ultra-narrow bandwidth, it has 20dB+ gain compared to GSM, meaning fewer sites can cover a wider area and strong penetration, and can penetrate the floor. In the basement, this will enable applications such as water meters in concealed locations, as well as pet tracking that requires wide coverage.
Ultra low costHuawei provides the Single RAN solution to support upgrades on existing network devices, thereby reducing network construction and maintenance costs. The NB-IOT chip is specially designed for IoT devices. It only supports narrowband, low-rate, and IoT requirements. It only supports single-antenna and half-duplex modes. It also simplifies signaling processing and greatly reduces the price of the terminal chip. US dollars.
Ultra low power consumptionFor small packets and occasional IoT application scenarios, NB-IOT designs a unique DRX feature. After sending a data packet, the terminal immediately enters a dormant state, does not perform any communication activities, and waits until it has a request for reporting data. It will wake itself up, then send the data and then go to sleep. According to the behavior of the IoT terminal, it will reach 99% of the time in the sleep state, so the power consumption will be very low, and the ultra-low power consumption of the device can be realized. The power of the two No. 5 batteries can be used for more than 10 years.
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