With the development of electronic technology and communication, automatic meter reading systems have been widely used, and various related products have emerged in an endless stream, and people have put forward higher requirements for new products.
The current automatic meter reading system is generally divided into two layers: the upper layer (between the management center and the centralized station) uses a star network for data acquisition; the bottom layer (between the centralized station and the collector or the smart meter) uses a bus-type structure. Such as 485 bus, instrument bus and so on. At present, the upper layer data collection can be divided into optical fiber, telephone line and wireless according to different channel media.
Among them, the wireless mode is a better way to carry out data communication for a centralized station with a wide range and scattered layout. Some automatic meter reading systems developed today use data stations or self-developed wireless communication systems. Using this communication system, installation and debugging are convenient; the main disadvantage is that you must apply for the frequency of use, and you must maintain the communication network. The reliability of this private network communication system is not as high as that of the public network (such as GSM network). . This section presents an automatic meter reading system based on short messages. The system relies on the GSM network, adopts short message mode, reliable communication quality, low cost, and remote monitoring of the concentrator. It is an ideal automatic meter reading solution.
First, the composition and function of the systemThe entire system structure is shown in Figure 1-142. The central management machine uses the GM360 wireless modem to form a star-shaped network through the GSM wireless communication network and the lower-level machines with the P87LPC767 single-chip microcomputer as the core of each centralized station, and implements power collection and remote monitoring for each power collection point. The centralized station uses the P87LPC767 microcontroller as the core of the lower computer module to communicate with the management center through the GM360 wireless modem using short messages. When the center sends out the acquisition instruction, the P87LPC767 MCU communicates with the connected energy meter according to the three-phase electronic multi-function energy meter communication specification through the RS-485 bus, and collects the power data stored in the energy meter; then, through the short message The data is sent back to the management center. In addition, the lower position machine and the smart energy meter can also be equipped with a data acquisition system with 89C2051 as the core, data collection on the environment and power grid around the centralized station and the smart energy meter, and the data is transmitted to the upper computer. For the power supply area without the smart energy meter, the data acquisition system can also be used for monitoring, but the collected data cannot be used for measurement. When the ambient temperature, humidity, etc. and the voltage of the power grid are abnormal, the lower computer can send back alarm information to the management center or the designated mobile phone through a short message. After the management center has weighed, it can decide whether to cut off the power supply or send people to maintain the area. If power is to be cut off, the short message is sent to the lower computer to send instructions to the data acquisition system to perform the corresponding operation control power supply loop. In addition, when the user owes money, the power outage can also be implemented.
Management machine
The management machine of the monitoring center is a system consisting of a multimedia computer, a printer, a UPS power supply, etc., and the GM360 uses short messages to communicate with the meter reading machines dispersed in different positions. The management machine uses VB management software to realize information extraction, transmission and analysis processing, display and sound and light alarm functions, including password authentication, password setting, time and date setting and display, lower machine number and name setting, and alarm phone settings. , exit the system, extract the data of the lower computer and control the circuit on and off.
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