Development and application of 40G and 100G optical communication modules
With the widespread application of 40Gb / s Dense Wavelength Division Optical Transmission System in the operator's core optical network, the corresponding 100Gb / s products will likely come in the next two years. The Dense Wavelength Division Optical Communication Module based on standardization has also won Highly interested and widely accepted by the market.
Recently, optical device suppliers have been working hard to develop a variety of multi-source universal modules to meet the needs of system integrators for different network applications. The multi-source universal module provides convenience for system integrators to shorten the development cycle, and also provides a platform for reducing the cost of 40G and 100G core optoelectronic devices.
40G universal optical module
The market of 40G dense wavelength division general-purpose optical modules has so far mainly been limited to core long-distance optical networks over 1,000 kilometers. Due to its better optical signal-to-noise ratio and optical non-linear characteristics, the differential phase shift keying (DPSK) modulation coding format is more suitable for this application and has become the main choice of suppliers. In order to meet the different needs of the core network, several different differential phase shift keying modules have been put on the market, such as partial differential phase shift keying (P-DPSK) and free spectral range (FSR) switchable differential phase shift keying modules (SwitchableFSRDPSK). The main purpose of the design of different modules is their transmission performance in dense wavelength division optical transmission systems with different types and numbers of reconfigurable optical add-drop multiplexers (ROADM) with channel spacings of 50 GHz and 100 GHz. Optimization. Recently, a newest type of continuously optimized differential phase shift keying module (CO-DPSK) has been put on the market, which has quickly received great attention from system integrators. Compared with other differential phase shift keying modules, it can provide real-time and continuous transmission performance optimization under various optical network cascade filtering conditions. Therefore, it can not only maintain superior transmission performance, but also greatly simplify the network management of the optical transmission system with reconfigurable optical add-drop multiplexer. Not only that, it can also partially compensate for signal distortion caused by residual dispersion on the optical transmission channel, group delay ripple, and nonlinear effects. Because of this, the continuously optimized differential phase shift keying module is considered to be a general-purpose module very suitable for long-distance and regional networks. Generally speaking, in these networks, the quality of the transmission fiber is generally better, and it is not prone to the problem that the value of the fiber polarization mode dispersion (PMD) is too large.
Recently, the return-to-zero type differential four-phase phase shift keying (RZ-DQPSK) module has also attracted great attention in the industry. The reason for this is that it has a higher tolerance for inherent polarization mode dispersion than DPSK. Its average differential group delay (DGD) is generally up to 7 to 8 picoseconds. In this way, RZ-DQPSK can be used for 40G fiber lines that require higher PMD tolerance in some metropolitan and partial regional networks and even in a small part of long-distance networks. Because these networks are more likely to have some fibers with higher polarization mode dispersion. However, one of the key problems of the RZ-DQPSK module is its structure, complicated control, and relatively high manufacturing costs. Module suppliers are making efforts from various aspects, trying to introduce more optical and electronic integration, thereby quickly reducing the cost of the module. However, this may require the joint efforts of the industry. It is expected that the RZ-DQPSK module may begin to be deployed in a certain number of operators' networks around the end of 2010.
100G universal optical module
As 40Gb / s began to be deployed on a large scale, a variety of new 100Gb / s modulation and coding formats have emerged in the industry. In the face of numerous transmission patterns with different characteristics, based on comprehensive consideration of other system design parameters, the industry mainly focuses on transmission distance, channel spacing, compatibility with 40Gb / s and 10Gb / s systems, module cost and transmission performance Make comprehensive choices in terms of balance. Through the research and development of 100Gb / s modules in the industry for a year or two, 100Gb / s polarization multiplexing four-phase phase shift keying coherent modules are becoming the industry's main choice. Like 40GPM-QPSK, the 100GPM-QPSK module can not only provide an average differential group delay tolerance of up to 30 picoseconds, but also provide a wide range of fiber dispersion compensation. Compared with the direct non-coherent detection module, it also has 2dB to 3dB back-to-backlight signal-to-noise ratio performance (OSNR) improvement due to coherent detection. Therefore, it can cover the needs and applications of operators in most metropolitan, regional, long-distance and ultra-long-distance networks. 100GPM-QPSK can also support ultra-long-distance transmission without dispersion compensation, and further greatly reduce the cost of the network. Coupled with the soft decision-type forward error correction technology (SD-FEC) and its implementation methods that have emerged in the industry recently, it is possible to further greatly improve the transmission performance of the 100GPM-QPSK coherent module, making it able to Minimize the relay in the long-distance transmission range, and can even be directly used for the optical channel transmission of transoceanic submarine cable, so that the 100GPM-QPSK module has very excellent overall performance, a very wide application market, and long-term market competitiveness.
During the development of the 100GPM-QPSK module, the industry has also learned the lessons of the past lack of overall investment in 40G development and the over-dispersion of products in multiple modulation formats. It has already begun to take the initiative through OIF international organizations and other industry forums. The 100G modulation format requires the overall integration of optoelectronic components and the standardization and multi-source process of the common module itself, so that all parties in the industry can focus on recognized modulation formats and jointly develop integrated standardized photoelectric modules based on multi-source protocols.
Due to the explosive growth of Internet applications with rich video content and 40GbE low-cost optical ports may arrive within two to three years, 40G is expected to continue to be widely deployed in the next few years. At the same time, in the next two to three years, 100G will also be trialed and deployed in small batches in the long-distance backbone networks of some Tier 1 operators. It is expected that in the next three to five years, and even for a longer period of time in the future, 40G and 100G will be simultaneously developed and coexist in the operator's network. Because of this, 40G and 100G multi-source standard modules are now considered to be the next-generation high-speed and large-capacity optical network core technology and key components, and thus have been highly valued by the industry.
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